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Oulun yliopiston väitöskirjat

ALCOHOL USE, ALCOHOL POLYGENIC SCORE AND COGNITION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA, SCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDER, BIPOLAR DISORDER, AND A MIDDLEAGED BIRTH COHORT, ACTA UNIVERSITATIS OULUENSIS D 1689

ISBN-10:	978-952-62-3425-0
Kustantaja:	Oulun yliopisto
Painosvuosi:	2022
Sidosasu:	pehmeäkantinen
Tekijät:	Mazumder, Atiqul

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The aim of the study was to investigate the association between alcohol use, alcohol use disorder, and polygenic risk of alcohol use (PGS) and cognition in schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder. In addition, the association of alcohol use with cognition in the middle-aged birth cohort was investigated. Males and females were examined separately in each study section. In the psychiatric section of the study, the population consisted of 10,417 participants in the SUPER (Finnish Study of the Hereditary Mechanisms of Psychotic Diseases) who had a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar disorder. In the birth cohort section, the participants were members of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966). In the SUPER study, alcohol risk use was screened using the AUDIT-C questionnaire. The alcohol diagnosis was obtained from the health care notification register. PGS was calculated using the LDPred program. In the NFBC1966 birth cohort, alcohol consumption was calculated from the responses to the alcohol use survey. Cognition was assessed in the SUPER study using the reaction time (RT) test to measure reaction time and the Paired Association Learning (PAL) test to measure visual learning and memory. The measures of the RT test were median time and standard deviation, and in the PAL test, memory score and error score. The association of alcohol use with the RT test and the PAL test was analysed using log-linear regression and logistic regression. The association of hazardous drinking PGS with the RT test and the PAL test was analysed using log-linear regression, linear regression, and logistic regression. Only the PAL test was used in the NFBC1966 study. Age, age of onset, educational attainment, household status (marital status), depressive symptoms, diet, and physical activity were used as covariates differently in different sub-studies. The reported risky alcohol use was not associated with poorer cognition in schizophrenia patients and patients with schizoaffective disorder. Risky alcohol use was associated with a shorter reaction time (RT) in females. Alcohol use disorder was associated with a higher error rate in the PAL test in female patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. In female patients with bipolar disorder, risky alcohol use was associated with a shorter reaction time. Alcohol use disorder was associated with a higher error rate in the PAL test in female patients with bipolar disorder. PGS was not associated with reaction time (RT) or visual memory (PAL) in female or male patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar disorder. Alcohol use reported in the NFBC1966 dataset was not associated with impaired visual memory. In males, more wine consumption per week was associated with better visual memory, while a higher dose of strong alcohol was associated with poorer visual memory. The observed gender-specific findings are of interest and require further investigation. The study of the association of reported alcohol use with cognition in psychotic patients was the first of its kind. The findings should be interpreted with caution and no clinical conclusions can be drawn until the results of the study can be replicated in other studies. Keywords: alcohol, bipolar disorder, birth cohort, cognition, hazardous drinking, middle-age, polygenic score, schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia

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