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Oulun yliopiston väitöskirjat

BRAIN MRI IN SUBJECTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA AND IN ADULTS BORN PREMATURELY, ACTA UNIVERSITATIS OULUENSIS D Medica 1070

ISBN-13:	978-951-42-6296-8
Kieli:	englanti
Kustantaja:	Oulun yliopisto
Oppiaine:	Luonto
Painosvuosi:	2010
Sidosasu:	pehmeäkantinen
Sijainti:	Print Tietotalo
Sivumäärä:	190
Tekijät:	TANSKANEN PÄIVIKKI

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The Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort (NFBC 1966) is a general population study started in the1960’s including 12,058 people born in the provinces of Oulu and Lapland. We studied magneticresonance imaging (MRI) changes of the brain in subjects with schizophrenia at age 33–35 years.Another sub-group consisted of non-psychotic members of the NFBC 1966 who were bornpremature. In subjects with schizophrenia (n= 54) the volumes of whole brain, grey and white matterwere reduced 2–3% and the volume of CSF was increased 7% compared to the general populationcontrol subjects (n= 100) without a psychotic episode. Regional grey matter density was reducedin several regions including frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital cortices, deep grey matter andcerebellum. Grey matter density was increased in the basal ganglia, anterior cingulate and medialorbitofrontal cortex. There were white matter deficits in inter- and intrahemispheric tractsbilaterally in the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes, subcortical structures, cerebellumand brainstem. CSF excesses were found in the lateral and third ventricles. Grey and white matterdeficits were associated with duration of illness, so that the longer the duration, the smaller thedensity in the deficit regions. The hippocampal volume was reduced 2-3%, but the change wasexplained by the total brain volume reduction. We also investigated the effect of preterm birth or low birth weight on education, occupation(n= 715; controls 10,132), cognitive capacity and brain structure (n= 9; controls 95) inadulthood in the non-psychotic group of the NFBC 1966. The premature subjects had slightlylower educational and occupational performance in adulthood and they performed more poorly inverbal learning. There were no differences in the tissue segmentation analysis of the brain;however, we could not determine whether the negative finding was due to small sample size. In conclusion, we have confirmed previous findings of brain abnormalities in schizophrenia inan epidemiological population-based sample. The grey and white matter deficits were widespreadand the abnormalities were associated with duration of illness, suggesting progressive changes. Inthe premature group of the NFBC, minor adult cognitive deviances were found in the absence ofmajor imaging findings.

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